Let , be points of trisection of , with closer to , and closer to . Using your knowledge of how to find the coordinates of the midpoint of a segment, how would you find the coordinates of and ? Do this for the case when the points are and .
To find the coordinates of the points of trisection, we extend the logic used for finding the midpoint of a segment. The midpoint formula finds the average of the x-coordinates and y-coordinates of the two endpoints. For trisection, we divide the segment into three equal parts, meaning we need to find the average of three coordinates.
Since point P is closer to , it divides in the ratio . We can find by taking the average of the coordinates of , , and (counting twice because it is closer). Similarly, point Q is closer to , dividing in the ratio , so we average the coordinates of , , and (counting twice).
Step 1: Calculate coordinates of P
So, .
Step 2: Calculate coordinates of Q
So, .
Thus, the points of trisection of the segment are and . This method effectively generalizes the midpoint averaging concept to divide the segment into three equal parts.
Explanation
The textbook prompts students to use their knowledge of midpoints to find points of trisection. The midpoint of is found by averaging the coordinates of and .
Extending this logic, a point of trisection divides the segment into three equal parts, which can be found by averaging three coordinates. Since is closer to , 's coordinates are counted twice in the average. Since is closer to , 's coordinates are counted twice.
This builds conceptual understanding before formally introducing the section formula.
Solution Steps
Step 1: Identify that the midpoint is the average of two coordinates; for trisection, find the average of three coordinates, counting the closer endpoint twice.
Step 2: For (closer to ), average , , and :
So, .
Step 3: For (closer to ), average , , and :
So, .