Classify the following into monosaccharides and disaccharides. Ribose, 2-deoxyribose, maltose, galactose, fructose and lactose.
Monosaccharides: Ribose, 2-deoxyribose, galactose, and fructose.
Disaccharides: Maltose and lactose.
Carbohydrates are classified into monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Monosaccharides are single sugar units that cannot be hydrolysed into simpler units. Ribose, 2-deoxyribose, galactose, and fructose are monosaccharides.
Disaccharides are formed when two monosaccharide units are held together by glycosidic linkages. Maltose and lactose are disaccharides, as they consist of two monosaccharide units linked together.
Explanation
The question asks students to classify given carbohydrates based on the classification system described in the NCERT textbook. According to the summary provided, carbohydrates are broadly classified into monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Monosaccharides are single sugar units, while disaccharides are formed when monosaccharides are held together by glycosidic linkages. Ribose and 2-deoxyribose are pentose monosaccharides; galactose and fructose are hexose monosaccharides. Maltose and lactose are disaccharides formed from two monosaccharide units.
Solution Steps
Step 1: Identify that monosaccharides are single sugar units that cannot be hydrolysed further.
Step 2: Identify that disaccharides are formed when two monosaccharide units are joined by glycosidic linkages.
Step 3: Classify each compound: Ribose, 2-deoxyribose, galactose, and fructose are monosaccharides; maltose and lactose are disaccharides.