Question 37 of 48beginner🧠 RememberVery Short2 marks

Write the general outer electronic configuration of s-, p-, d- and f- block elements.

Correct Answer

The general outer electronic configurations of the different blocks are as follows:

The s-block elements (Group 1 and 2) have the general outer electronic configuration of ns1ns^{1} and ns2ns^{2}. The p-block elements (Group 13 to 18) have their outermost electronic configuration varying from ns2np1ns^2np^1 to ns2np6ns^2np^6.

The d-block elements (Group 3 to 12), also known as transition elements, are characterised by the filling of inner dd orbitals and have the general outer electronic configuration (n−1)d1−10ns0−2(n-1)d^{1-10}ns^{0-2}. The f-block elements (inner-transition elements) have the general outer electronic configuration (n−2)f1−14(n−1)d0−1ns2(n-2)f^{1-14}(n-1)d^{0-1}ns^2.

Exercise: EXERCISES | Q: 3.29 | (Page 24)
For More Understanding

Explanation

The question asks for the general outer electronic configurations of the four blocks of the periodic table. The context explicitly provides the configurations for the s-block (ns1ns^1 and ns2ns^2), p-block (ns2np1ns^2np^1 to ns2np6ns^2np^6), and d-block ((n−1)d1−10ns0−2(n-1)d^{1-10}ns^{0-2}). The f-block configuration is standard NCERT knowledge, inferred from related examples in the text like (n−2)f7(n−1)d1ns2(n-2)f^7(n-1)d^1ns^2.

Solution Steps

  1. Step 1: State the configuration for s-block elements as ns1−2ns^{1-2}.

  2. Step 2: State the configuration for p-block elements as ns2np1−6ns^2np^{1-6}.

  3. Step 3: State the configuration for d-block elements as (n−1)d1−10ns0−2(n-1)d^{1-10}ns^{0-2}.

  4. Step 4: State the configuration for f-block elements as (n−2)f1−14(n−1)d0−1ns2(n-2)f^{1-14}(n-1)d^{0-1}ns^2.

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