By factoring the expression, check that is always divisible by 6 for all natural numbers . Give reasons.
To check the divisibility of by 6, we first factor the given expression. Taking as a common factor, we get:
We can further factor as . Thus, the complete factorization is:
The factors of the expression are , , and . As noted, any three consecutive numbers can be taken as , and . Therefore, the expression represents the product of three consecutive natural numbers.
Now, we check for divisibility by 2. Among any three consecutive natural numbers, at least one number must be an even number. Therefore, the product of these three consecutive numbers, , will always be divisible by 2. Next, we check for divisibility by 3. Among any three consecutive natural numbers, exactly one number must be a multiple of 3. Therefore, the product will always be divisible by 3. Since the expression is divisible by both 2 and 3, and these are co-prime numbers, the product must be divisible by their product, which is . Hence, is always divisible by 6 for all natural numbers .
Explanation
The question requires factoring the expression and using the factors to prove divisibility by 6. The context mentions that any three consecutive numbers can be taken as , and , which directly aligns with the factorization of . The proof relies on the property that the product of three consecutive integers is always a multiple of 2 and 3, making it a multiple of 6.
Solution Steps
Step 1: Factor the expression by taking as a common factor:
Step 2: Further factor using the identity for difference of squares:
Step 3: Recognize that , , and represent three consecutive natural numbers.
Step 4: State that the product of three consecutive natural numbers is always divisible by 2 (since at least one is even) and by 3 (since at least one is a multiple of 3).
Step 5: Conclude that since the product is divisible by both 2 and 3 (which are co-prime), it is divisible by .