Write about how the biodiversity changed over the years in the area, let us say in the last 10 or 20 years.
Over the last 10-20 years, biodiversity in many areas has changed significantly. Elders in the community report that several plant and animal species that were common earlier are now rarely seen or have disappeared. Urban expansion and construction have reduced green cover and natural habitats. Wetlands and water bodies have been filled for development, reducing aquatic biodiversity. Agricultural intensification and use of pesticides have affected insect populations and soil microorganisms. Traditional crop varieties have been replaced by high-yielding varieties, reducing agricultural biodiversity. However, some positive changes include establishment of protected areas, increased awareness about conservation, and efforts to protect sacred groves and heritage sites. Community members note that birds like sparrows have declined in cities, while urban wildlife like kites and mongoose have adapted to city environments. The loss of native plants has affected insects, birds, and animals that depended on them.
Explanation
The chapter explains that recording biodiversity is crucial because habitats transform due to land clearance for construction or agriculture, and shifts in climate cause many species to face extinction or become endangered. The 'What else can I do?' section suggests asking family members and elders about birds and animals they could see when they were young, indicating that biodiversity has changed over time. The 'What did I learn from others?' section specifically asks students to write about biodiversity changes over the last 10-20 years based on community interactions.