Why does butter need refrigeration and ghee does not?
Butter needs refrigeration because it contains water and milk solids which can support microbial growth at room temperature.
Refrigeration keeps the temperature too cold for microbes to grow.
Ghee does not need refrigeration because when butter is heated to make ghee, the water separates and evaporates completely.
Without moisture, microbes cannot grow in ghee, so it can be stored at room temperature for a long time without spoiling.
Explanation
The chapter shows in the diagram on Page 9 that when butter is heated: (1) Water separates from the butter, (2) Water evaporates, (3) Ghee is prepared. Finding #2 states that microbes need moisture to grow. Finding #5 explains that cold temperature slows down microbes. Since ghee has no moisture, microbes cannot grow even at room temperature, while butter still contains water and needs refrigeration.
Solution Steps
Butter contains water and milk solids that support microbial growth at room temperature
Refrigeration keeps the temperature too cold for microbes to grow
When butter is heated to make ghee, the water separates and evaporates completely
Without moisture, microbes cannot grow in ghee
Ghee can be stored at room temperature for a long time without spoiling