The government has introduced several measures to protect landless agricultural labourers and migrant workers. Land reform laws were among the most significant measures, including tenancy abolition and regulation acts that attempted to outlaw tenancy or regulate rents to give security to tenants. In states like West Bengal and Kerala, radical restructuring gave land rights to tenants.

The Land Ceiling Acts imposed upper limits on land ownership. The state was supposed to identify and take possession of surplus land and redistribute it to landless families, particularly SCs and STs. Additionally, the loosening of traditional bonded labour relationships marked progress.

However, these measures proved largely ineffective. Tenancy laws were never implemented effectively in most states. Land Ceiling Acts were "toothless" due to loopholes that allowed landowners to escape surrendering surplus land.

The government should ensure stricter implementation of land reforms. Since migrant workers are usually not paid the minimum wage and face exploitation, stronger enforcement of wage laws is essential. The harsh working conditions of labourers result from the combined economic power and dominant caste position of landowners, requiring more decisive state intervention to protect workers' rights.