Give simple chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds. (i) Propanal and Propanone (ii) Acetophenone and Benzophenone (iii) Phenol and Benzoic acid (iv) Benzoic acid and Ethyl benzoate (v) Pentan-2-one and Pentan-3-one (vi) Benzaldehyde and Acetophenone (vii) Ethanal and Propanal
Propanal gives a silver mirror with ammoniacal AgNO3 (Tollens' reagent), while Propanone does not.
The provided context does not contain a simple chemical test to distinguish between Acetophenone and Benzophenone.
The provided context does not contain a simple chemical test to distinguish between Phenol and Benzoic acid.
The provided context does not contain a simple chemical test to distinguish between Benzoic acid and Ethyl benzoate.
The provided context does not contain a simple chemical test to distinguish between Pentan-2-one and Pentan-3-one.
Benzaldehyde gives a silver mirror with ammoniacal AgNO3, while Acetophenone does not.
Both Ethanal and Propanal give a silver mirror with ammoniacal AgNO3; the provided context does not contain another simple chemical test to distinguish between them.
Explanation
The context includes the reaction of butanal (an aldehyde) with ammoniacal AgNO3 to produce butanoic acid, which is the basis of the Tollens' test for aldehydes. This test can differentiate aldehydes from ketones, as seen in pairs (i) and (vi). For the other pairs, the context does not provide any distinguishing tests (e.g., iodoform test, sodium bicarbonate test, FeCl3 test, etc.). Therefore, only those two pairs can be addressed using the given information.