An orchid plant is growing on the branch of mango tree. How do you describe this interaction between the orchid and the mango tree?
This interaction between the orchid and the mango tree is described as commensalism.
In this interaction, the orchid benefits by growing as an epiphyte on the mango branch, which provides it support. However, the mango tree is neither harmed nor benefited from this association.
This is a classic example of commensalism, where one species derives benefit while the other remains unaffected.
Explanation
The textbook explicitly mentions this example under the definition of commensalism. The key point is that the orchid acts as an epiphyte (a plant that grows on another plant for physical support) and gains benefit, while the mango tree is unaffected - it doesn't gain anything nor is it harmed. Students should mention the term 'commensalism', explain that one species benefits while the other is unaffected, and identify that the orchid grows as an epiphyte.
Solution Steps
Step 1: Identify the type of interaction - commensalism
Step 2: Explain that orchid benefits by growing as an epiphyte on the branch
Step 3: State that the mango tree is neither harmed nor benefited