Class 12 Biology
CBSE · 13 Chapters · 171 Questions
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Structure of flowers, pollination, fertilization, and development of seeds.
15 questions
Human Reproduction
Male and female reproductive systems, gametogenesis, and fertilization.
15 questions
Reproductive Health
Population control, contraception, and reproductive disorders.
12 questions
Principles of Inheritance and Variation
Mendel's laws, inheritance patterns, and genetic disorders.
15 questions
Molecular Basis of Inheritance
DNA structure, replication, gene expression, and genetic code.
25 questions
Evolution
Theories of evolution, mechanisms, and evidences.
4 questions
Human Health and Disease
Common diseases, immunity, and modern medical approaches.
14 questions
Microbes in Human Welfare
This chapter explores the beneficial roles of microorganisms in various aspects of human life. Class 12 students learn how microbes contribute to agriculture, food production, industrial processes, waste treatment, and medicine. The chapter highlights the importance of microorganisms as biofertilizers, in food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, and as sources of antibiotics and vaccines.
14 questions
Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
This fundamental chapter introduces Class 12 students to the core principles and techniques of biotechnology. Students explore genetic engineering concepts, tools of recombinant DNA technology, and processes involved in manipulating genetic material. The chapter covers restriction enzymes, vectors, host organisms, and various techniques used to create recombinant DNA and clone genes for biotechnological applications.
10 questions
Biotechnology and its Applications
This comprehensive chapter explores the practical applications of biotechnology across various fields. Class 12 students learn how biotechnological principles are applied in agriculture, medicine, environmental management, and forensics. The chapter examines genetically modified organisms, gene therapy, molecular diagnosis, transgenic plants and animals, and addresses ethical concerns related to biotechnological interventions in natural processes.
13 questions
Organisms and Populations
This foundational ecology chapter introduces Class 12 students to the interactions between organisms and their environment. Students explore major abiotic factors, adaptations, population attributes, and population growth models. The chapter examines how organisms respond to environmental conditions through various adaptations and how populations interact within communities, establishing a framework for understanding ecological principles.
7 questions
Ecosystem
This comprehensive chapter examines the structure and functioning of ecosystems for Class 12 students. The chapter covers ecosystem components, energy flow, ecological pyramids, nutrient cycling, and ecosystem services. Students learn about the delicate balance in natural systems, productivity measurements, decomposition processes, and the essential ecological cycles that sustain life on Earth.
9 questions
Biodiversity and Conservation
This crucial chapter focuses on the importance of biological diversity and conservation strategies for Class 12 students. The chapter explores biodiversity at genetic, species, and ecosystem levels, examining patterns, importance, threats, and conservation approaches. Students learn about biodiversity hotspots, endangered species, ex-situ and in-situ conservation methods, and the global efforts to preserve Earth's biological heritage.
18 questions