Question 20 of 25beginner🧠 RememberShort Answer2 marks

List two essential roles of ribosome during translation.

Correct Answer

The two essential roles of ribosome during translation are:

  1. Providing platform for protein synthesis: The ribosome binds to the mRNA at the start codon and provides a platform for joining of amino acids. There are two sites in the large subunit where subsequent amino acids bind to and be close enough to each other for the formation of a peptide bond.

  2. Acting as a catalyst for peptide bond formation: The ribosome acts as a catalyst (23S rRNA in bacteria acts as an enzyme called ribozyme) for the formation of peptide bond between amino acids during translation.

Exercise: EXERCISES | Q: 9 | (Page 31)
For More Understanding

Explanation

The context clearly mentions two key roles of ribosomes: (1) binding to mRNA and providing sites/platform for amino acids to come together for peptide bond formation, and (2) catalyzing the peptide bond formation through rRNA which acts as a ribozyme. These are the two essential functions a student should highlight for this 2-mark question.

Solution Steps

  1. Step 1: Identify the structural role - ribosome binds mRNA and provides sites for amino acid binding

  2. Step 2: Identify the catalytic role - ribosome (rRNA) catalyzes peptide bond formation

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