Option (B) Robert Koch is correct. According to the textbook context, in 1881, Robert Koch recognized the difficulties of using broth media for the isolation of pure cultures and considered the use of solid media alternatives. He evaluated various solid media including coagulated egg albumin, starch paste, potato slices, and later developed medium with meat extract and gelatin. Most importantly, on the basis of the observation of the growth of bacteria on solid media, Koch coined the term 'colony' to describe the pure and discrete growth. This establishes that Robert Koch was the first to develop the process of colony purification on solid media. The other options (Louis Pasteur, Fannie Hesse, and Richard Petri) are not mentioned in the provided context in relation to developing colony purification on solid media.