Suppose a DNA is extracted, purified and digested with enzyme BamH1. What type of mapping can be achieved? Mention the application of this type of mapping.
When DNA is extracted, purified, and digested with restriction enzyme BamH1, restriction mapping can be achieved. Restriction mapping is a type of physical mapping where specific locations on the genome are identified using restriction enzyme sites as map features.
The process creates a map of restriction sites based on the size of fragments produced by digestion, resulting in a high-resolution physical map of restriction sites of the genome.
Applications of restriction mapping include:
- Comparing maps to observe RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) patterns by noticing gain or loss of restriction sites.
- Identifying specific RFLP loci associated with diseases by comparing maps among diseased and disease-free family members.
- Identifying genetic divergence between populations through association mapping.
Explanation
The textbook context clearly states that restriction enzyme sites are used for restriction mapping, which is a type of physical mapping. The context explains that this creates a high-resolution physical map based on fragment sizes. The applications mentioned in the text include RFLP analysis, disease locus identification, and studying genetic divergence between populations.
Solution Steps
Step 1: Identify that BamH1 is a restriction enzyme, so restriction mapping is the answer.
Step 2: Explain that restriction mapping is a type of physical mapping using restriction enzyme sites.
Step 3: List the applications from the context - RFLP analysis, disease identification, and genetic divergence studies.