Use the periodic table to answer the following questions. (a) Identify an element with five electrons in the outer subshell. (b) Identify an element that would tend to lose two electrons. (c) Identify an element that would tend to gain two electrons. (d) Identify the group having metal, non-metal, liquid as well as gas at the room temperature.
Nitrogen (N) or Phosphorus (P) (Group 15)
Magnesium (Mg) or Calcium (Ca) (Group 2)
Oxygen (O) or Sulphur (S) (Group 16)
Group 17 (Halogens)
Explanation
The question tests the understanding of periodic table groups and their properties. Group 15 elements have five electrons in their outer subshell. Group 2 elements tend to lose two electrons to achieve a noble gas configuration. Group 16 elements have highly negative electron gain enthalpies and readily add two electrons to attain the stable noble gas configuration. Group 17 (halogens) uniquely contains gases (F, Cl), a liquid (Br), a non-metal solid (I), and a metal (At) at room temperature.