How would you name the following compounds?
CH₃—CH₂—Br
Bromoethane
H–C=O
Methanal
H–C–C–C–C–C≡C–H
Hexyne
Explanation
According to the nomenclature rules in the textbook, we first identify the number of carbon atoms to determine the base name (meth-, eth-, prop-, but-, pent-, hex-). Then, we identify the functional group and add the appropriate prefix or suffix as per Table 4.4. For (i), the compound has 2 carbon atoms (ethane) with a bromine substituent, which is a haloalkane using the prefix 'bromo'. For (ii), the compound has 1 carbon atom (methane) with an aldehyde functional group, so we delete the final 'e' and add suffix 'al' to get methanal. For (iii), the compound has 6 carbon atoms (hexane) with a triple bond indicating an alkyne, so we delete 'e' and add suffix 'yne' to get hexyne.