Which of the following experiments have equally likely outcomes? Explain. (i) A driver attempts to start a car. The car starts or does not start. (ii) A player attempts to shoot a basketball. She/he shoots or misses the shot. (iii) A trial is made to answer a true-false question. The answer is right or wrong. (iv) A baby is born. It is a boy or a girl.
Not equally likely outcomes. The car starting or not starting depends on its mechanical condition. A well-maintained car has a much higher probability of starting than not starting.
Not equally likely outcomes. Shooting or missing a basketball depends on the player's skill, distance from the basket, and other factors. The probabilities are not equal.
Equally likely outcomes. For a true-false question with only two options, if answered by guessing, the probability of being right or wrong is equal (1/2 each).
Equally likely outcomes. The birth of a baby being a boy or a girl is a natural phenomenon with approximately equal probability (1/2 each).
Explanation
This question tests understanding of equally likely outcomes in probability. Outcomes are equally likely when each outcome has the same chance of occurring. In (iii), a true-false question has exactly two options, making right and wrong equally probable when guessing. In (iv), biological factors make boy and girl births equally likely. However, (i) and (ii) depend on external factors—car condition and player skill—making their outcomes unequal in probability.