Prepare a report on IVF, its uses and drawbacks. Discuss it with your class.
In-vitro Fertilisation (IVF) is a medical technique in which an egg and a sperm are combined outside the female body, usually in a laboratory dish. The resultant fertilised egg is then implanted in the uterus to begin a possible pregnancy. The oviducts connect each ovary to the uterus, and the uterus opens into the vagina through a narrow passage called the cervix.
A baby born through this method is commonly known as a test tube baby, although the process actually occurs in a culture dish, not in a test tube.
India holds a significant place in the history of IVF. In 1978, Subhash Mukhopadhyay of Kolkata pioneered India’s first test tube baby, Kanupriya Agarwal (nicknamed Durga), through experimental IVF work.
Regarding its uses, IVF can help achieve pregnancy in situations where the fallopian tubes are blocked. When the sperm and the egg cannot meet inside the female body naturally due to such blockages, IVF allows them to be combined externally in a laboratory setting to facilitate fertilisation.
Explanation
The answer is constructed strictly from the provided context, which defines IVF, explains the 'test tube baby' terminology, highlights India's history with Subhash Mukhopadhyay and Kanupriya Agarwal, and implies a use case based on the mention of blocked fallopian tubes preventing the sperm and egg from meeting. The context does not provide information on the drawbacks of IVF, so they are omitted to comply with the rule of using ONLY facts from the provided context.