Universal adult franchise is fundamental to a healthy democracy for several reasons.

First, it ensures political equality by giving every adult citizen, regardless of caste, creed, race, religion, gender, education, or income, an equal vote with equal value. This prevents domination by any privileged group and makes the government truly representative of all citizens.

Second, it gives voice to marginalised communities, enabling them to demand their rights and hold elected representatives accountable.

Third, it strengthens the legitimacy of elected governments, as they derive their authority from the consent of all governed adults.

Fourth, it promotes political participation and civic engagement across all sections of society.

Fifth, it embodies the principle that those affected by government decisions should have a say in choosing their rulers.

The Constitution makers showed 'abundant faith in the common man' by adopting universal franchise from Independence, making India one of the early nations to grant women voting rights from the beginning.