Represent diagrammatically the changes in the arrangement of particles as ice melts and transforms into water vapour.
The diagram should show three stages: (1) Ice (solid state): Particles closely packed in a regular arrangement with minimum spacing, showing particles vibrating in fixed positions. (2) Water (liquid state): Particles slightly farther apart than in ice, arranged less regularly, with particles able to move past each other within limited space. (3) Water vapour (gaseous state): Particles far apart with maximum spacing, moving freely in all directions with negligible interparticle attractions. Arrows should indicate the progression from solid to liquid to gas, with labels for each state.
Explanation
The chapter describes that in solids, particles are tightly packed with strong interparticle attractions and can only vibrate. In liquids, particles are slightly farther apart with weaker attractions and can move within limited space. In gases, particles have maximum spacing with negligible attractions and move freely in all directions. Figure 7.4 in the chapter shows the melting of a solid.