Classify the following as elements, compounds, or mixtures in Table 8.3. Carbon dioxide, sand, seawater, magnesium oxide, muddy water, aluminium, gold, oxygen, rust, iron sulfide, glucose, air, water, fruit juice, nitrogen, sodium chloride, sulfur, hydrogen, baking soda. Identify pure substances amongst these and list them below.
Classify substances as elements, compounds, or mixtures
Elements: Aluminium, gold, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, hydrogen. Compounds: Carbon dioxide, magnesium oxide, rust, iron sulfide, glucose, water, sodium chloride, baking soda. Mixtures: Sand, seawater, muddy water, air, fruit juice.
Pure substances: Carbon dioxide, magnesium oxide, rust, iron sulfide, glucose, water, sodium chloride, baking soda, aluminium, gold, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, hydrogen.
Explanation
(a) Classification is based on definitions from the chapter: elements cannot be broken down, compounds have fixed ratios of combined elements, mixtures have components that retain individual properties. (b) The chapter states that pure substances include both elements and compounds, as they consist of the same type of particles throughout.