Question 10 of 10intermediate🔍 AnalyzeEssay4 marks

Have a class discussion on the following: List five major achievements of our country in improving the lives of ordinary people in your village, town or city. Which level of government made this possible and how?

(a)
Answer

Five major achievements include: (1) Literacy improvement through government schools — Central government enacted Right to Education Act, state governments manage schools, local bodies implement at ground level; (2) Road infrastructure — Central government builds national highways, state governments build state highways, local bodies maintain internal roads; (3) Healthcare access through government hospitals — All three levels coordinate with central policy, state implementation, and local delivery; (4) Digital connectivity — Central government policies for telecommunications reach citizens through state and local coordination; (5) Employment through MGNREGS — Central government scheme implemented through state and panchayat levels.

(b)

List five problems that ordinary people face frequently. At which level of government should these be addressed and how?

Answer

Five common problems and the government level to address them: (1) Water supply issues — Local government (municipality/panchayat) should manage distribution and maintenance; (2) Poor road conditions — Local government for internal roads, state government for connecting roads; (3) Garbage collection and sanitation — Local government should organize regular collection and disposal; (4) Electricity supply problems — State government manages electricity boards and distribution; (5) Access to quality healthcare — State government for hospitals, central government for national health policies. Local problems are best addressed by local governments as they understand local needs better and can respond faster.

Explanation

(a) The chapter on Page 23 mentions achievements like 'increasing literacy of our people, improving roads, trains, and airports, and strengthening communication systems.' (b) The chapter emphasizes on Page 20 that 'decisions regarding local matters are taken at the level closest to the people' and 'Tasks that can be performed locally should be left in the hands of the local people and their representatives.'