Question 6 of 15intermediate🔍 AnalyzeLong Answer5 marks

Identify a natural disaster (e.g., cyclone, flood, landslide, or forest fire) and write a short essay that includes the causes and impacts. Suggest actions that individuals, communities and the government can take to reduce the impact.

Correct Answer

Cyclones are powerful storms that form over warm ocean waters near the Indian coastline, especially the eastern coast.

They are caused when intense low-pressure systems develop over the sea, drawing in air from surrounding areas along with moisture. The winds rotate inwards towards the centre (the 'eye' of the cyclone) and can reach very high speeds.

Cyclones result in loss of human and animal life, damage to property and infrastructure, uprooting of trees, and soil erosion.

To reduce impact, individuals should follow IMD warnings and evacuate when advised.

Communities should maintain emergency supplies, avoid construction in vulnerable areas, and participate in disaster drills.

The government, through the India Meteorological Department (IMD), tracks cyclones and provides early warnings. The National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) is specially trained to respond to disasters with rescue and evacuation operations.

Afforestation along coasts, improved drainage systems, and climate-resilient infrastructure can help reduce cyclone damage.

Exercise: Questions and activities | Q: 7 | (Page Page 22)
For More Understanding

Explanation

The chapter describes cyclones on Pages 14-15, explaining their formation through low-pressure systems over the sea. It mentions the IMD's role in tracking cyclones and the NDRF's role in rescue operations. Similar information is provided for floods (Pages 16-17), landslides (Page 18), and forest fires (Page 18). The chapter emphasizes understanding the relationship between climate change causes and disasters to prepare better and build community resilience.

Solution Steps

  1. Cyclones are powerful storms forming over warm ocean waters near coastlines, caused by intense low-pressure systems drawing in moist air

  2. Impacts include loss of life, property damage, infrastructure destruction, uprooting of trees, and soil erosion

  3. Individuals should follow IMD warnings and evacuate when advised

  4. Communities should maintain emergency supplies, avoid vulnerable construction areas, and participate in disaster drills

  5. Government agencies like IMD provide early warnings and NDRF conducts rescue and evacuation operations

  6. Long-term measures include afforestation, improved drainage systems, and climate-resilient infrastructure

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