Draw a circuit diagram for a simple torch using symbols for electric components.
A circuit diagram for a simple torch consists of: (1) An electric cell or battery symbol (long line for positive terminal, short line for negative terminal), (2) A switch symbol in 'ON' position (two dots connected by a line) or 'OFF' position (two dots with a gap), (3) An electric lamp symbol (circle with a cross inside), (4) Connecting wires shown as straight lines. All components should be connected in a closed loop. The positive terminal of the cell connects to one terminal of the switch, the other terminal of the switch connects to one terminal of the lamp, and the other terminal of the lamp connects back to the negative terminal of the cell.
Explanation
The chapter introduces circuit diagrams on pages 11-12. Table 3.2 shows the standard symbols: electric cell (long and short parallel lines), battery (multiple cells), electric lamp (circle with cross), switch 'ON' (connected line), switch 'OFF' (broken line), and wire (straight line). Figure 3.14 shows example circuit diagrams. A torch circuit requires a power source (cell/battery), a switch to turn it on/off, and a lamp to produce light, all connected in a complete loop.