What were its major achievements?
The major achievements of the Harappan Civilisation included planned cities with wide streets oriented to cardinal directions.
They developed efficient water management and drainage systems. Brick houses of uniform construction quality were a standard feature.
Sophisticated crafts including bead-making and metalwork were notable achievements. They established extensive trade networks by land and sea.
Agricultural productivity with crops like wheat, barley, and cotton was significant. Finally, they developed a writing system on seals.
Explanation
The chapter details achievements throughout: planned cities with fortifications, upper and lower towns; water management including reservoirs, wells and drainage; crafts like carnelian beads and shell bangles; maritime trade; agricultural innovations including the plough; and seals with undeciphered writing.
Solution Steps
Planned cities with wide streets oriented to cardinal directions
Efficient water management and drainage systems
Brick houses of uniform construction quality
Sophisticated crafts including bead-making and metalwork
Extensive trade networks by land and sea
Agricultural productivity with crops like wheat, barley and cotton
Writing system on seals