What is a civilisation?
A civilisation is an advanced stage of human society characterized by government and administration, urbanism including town-planning and water management.
It features a variety of crafts, trade both internal and external, some form of writing, and cultural ideas expressed through art and architecture.
Productive agriculture is essential, sufficient to feed both villages and cities.
Explanation
The chapter explains that civilisation is used for an advanced stage of human societies. It lists specific characteristics including government and administration to manage complex societies, urbanism with town-planning and drainage systems, crafts and production, trade networks, writing for records and communication, cultural ideas, and productive agriculture.
Solution Steps
Civilisation is defined as an advanced stage of human society
Government and administration manage complex societies
Urbanism includes town-planning and water management systems
Crafts and trade networks support economic activity
Writing enables record-keeping and communication
Cultural ideas are expressed through art and architecture
Productive agriculture sustains both villages and cities