Compare life in the mountains and plains by capturing the differences in trees, animals, houses, clothes, food, festivals and art forms.
Comparison of life across different landforms:
Trees: Plains have crops like wheat, rice, mustard; Deserts have cactus, khejri, babool that store water; Coastal regions have coconut, palm trees; Mountains have oak, pine, walnut, chestnut.
Animals: Plains have cows and buffaloes with shorter fur; Deserts have camels (ship of the desert), lizards, wild cats, eagles; Coastal regions have fish, sea turtles, crabs, dolphins, starfish; Mountains have yaks used for travel.
Housing: Plains have brick houses; Deserts have mud houses with thatched roofs and tankas for water; Coastal houses withstand sea winds; Mountains have wooden houses with sloping roofs.
Clothing: Plains have cotton clothes like kurta-pajama; Deserts have colourful turbans, ghaghras with bandhini dupatta; Mountains have warm clothes like bakhu, dumdyam, Gunyo cholo.
Food: Plains have makki di roti, sarson da saag, lassi; Deserts have dal-bati-churma, ker sangri; Coastal regions have dalma, pakhala, chhena poda, rasagola, fish; Mountains have thukpa, sel roti.
Festivals: Each region celebrates unique festivals like Rath Yatra in coastal Odisha, Loosong and Namsoong in Sikkim mountains.
Art forms: Deserts have Ghumar dance, khartal and sarangi music; Coastal regions have sand art; Mountains have chaam (mask dance).
Explanation
The chapter provides comprehensive information about four landforms - plains (Amritsar), deserts (Rajasthan), coastal regions (Puri, Odisha), and mountains (Sikkim). Each landform has distinct characteristics in terms of vegetation, animals, housing, clothing, food, festivals, and art forms shaped by the local geography and climate.