Question 92 of 96intermediate🔧 ApplyLong Answer4 marks

Find a particular solution of the differential equation dydx+ycot⁡x=4x cosec x (x≠0)\frac{dy}{dx} + y \cot x = 4x \text{ cosec } x \ (x \neq 0), given that y=0y = 0 when x=π2x = \frac{\pi}{2}.

Correct Answer

The particular solution of the differential equation is:

y=2x2sin⁡x−π22sin⁡xy = \frac{2x^2}{\sin x} - \frac{\pi^2}{2\sin x}
Exercise: Miscellaneous Exercise on Chapter 9 | Q: 11 | (Page 36)
For More Understanding

Explanation

This question is similar to Example 17 from the textbook. The student needs to identify it as a linear differential equation, find the integrating factor, integrate to find the general solution, and then apply the boundary condition to find the particular solution.

Solution Steps

  1. Step 1: The given equation is a linear differential equation of the type

    dydx+Py=Q\frac{dy}{dx} + Py = Q

    where P=cot⁡xP = \cot x and Q=4x cosec xQ = 4x \text{ cosec } x.

  2. Step 2: Find the Integrating Factor (I.F.):

    I.F.=e∫cot⁡x dx=elog⁡sin⁡x=sin⁡xI.F. = e^{\int \cot x \, dx} = e^{\log \sin x} = \sin x
  3. Step 3: The solution is given by

    y⋅sin⁡x=∫(4x cosec x)sin⁡x dx+Cy \cdot \sin x = \int (4x \text{ cosec } x) \sin x \, dx + C

    Since cosec x=1sin⁡x\text{cosec } x = \frac{1}{\sin x}, we get

    ysin⁡x=∫4x dx+C=2x2+Cy \sin x = \int 4x \, dx + C = 2x^2 + C
  4. Step 4: Using the condition y=0y = 0 when x=π2x = \frac{\pi}{2}:

    0⋅sin⁡π2=2(π2)2+C0 \cdot \sin \frac{\pi}{2} = 2\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right)^2 + C

    which gives

    C=−π22C = -\frac{\pi^2}{2}
  5. Step 5: Substituting CC back:

    ysin⁡x=2x2−π22y \sin x = 2x^2 - \frac{\pi^2}{2}

    or

    y=2x2sin⁡x−π22sin⁡xy = \frac{2x^2}{\sin x} - \frac{\pi^2}{2\sin x}

    ∴ The particular solution is y=2x2sin⁡x−π22sin⁡x\mathbf{y = \frac{2x^2}{\sin x} - \frac{\pi^2}{2\sin x}}.