Rulers established connections with the Nayanars and sufis to gain legitimation and popular support. The Nayanars and Alvars were revered by Vellala peasants, and rulers recognized the need to win their support. The Chola kings exemplified this by building splendid temples adorned with sculptures that recreated the visions of these popular saints. They introduced the singing of Tamil Shaiva hymns under royal patronage and organised them into the Tevaram text. Around 945, Chola ruler Parantaka I consecrated metal images of Appar, Sambandar and Sundarar in Shiva temples, which were carried in processions during festivals. This helped kings claim divine support and proclaim their power and status.

Similarly, Muslim rulers sought connections with sufis for legitimation. The Turks resisted the ulama's insistence on imposing shari'a as state law, anticipating opposition from their largely non-Muslim subjects. Instead, Sultans sought out sufis who derived authority directly from God and did not depend on jurists. It was believed that auliya could intercede with God to improve material and spiritual conditions of people. This explains why kings often wanted their tombs near sufi shrines and hospices. Both traditions helped rulers secure acceptance among diverse populations.