The elements of the first transition series exhibit several properties that distinguish them from the heavier transition elements.

First, regarding chemical reactivity, the first transition series metals are relatively more reactive. The context specifically states that "Of the first series, with the exception of copper, all the metals are relatively reactive." In contrast, among the heavier transition elements, several are described as 'noble' metals, indicating lower reactivity.

Second, the first transition series elements display typical metallic properties such as high tensile strength, ductility, malleability, high thermal and electrical conductivity, and metallic lustre. With exceptions of Zn, Cd, Hg and Mn, they possess typical metallic structures at normal temperatures.

Third, these elements exhibit variable oxidation states because successive ionisation enthalpies do not increase as steeply as in main group elements. The involvement of (n-1)d electrons enables the loss of variable number of electrons.

Fourth, the first transition series elements show paramagnetic behaviour, catalytic properties, and tendency for formation of coloured ions, interstitial compounds, and complexes due to the involvement of (n-1)d electrons in their behaviour.

The textbook specifically focuses on discussing properties of the first transition series separately, indicating that there are significant differences from heavier transition elements that warrant independent examination.