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Write structures of different dihalogen derivatives of propane.

Correct Answer

The different dihalogen derivatives of propane are:

1. Geminal dihalides (Gem-dihalides): Both halogen atoms are present on the same carbon atom.

  • 1,1-Dihalopropane: CHX₂-CH₂-CH₃
  • 2,2-Dihalopropane: CH₃-CX₂-CH₃

2. Vicinal dihalides (Vic-dihalides): Halogen atoms are present on adjacent carbon atoms.

  • 1,2-Dihalopropane: CH₂X-CHX-CH₃

3. 1,3-Dihalopropane: Halogen atoms are present on terminal carbons.

  • XCH₂-CH₂-CH₂X

(Where X = F, Cl, Br, I)

Exercise: Intext Questions | Q: 6.3 | (Page 9)
For More Understanding

Explanation

The textbook explains that dihaloalkanes having the same type of halogen atoms are named as alkylidene or alkylene dihalides. When both halogen atoms are present on the same carbon atom, they are called geminal halides or gem-dihalides. The context also mentions vic-dibromides formed by addition of halogens to alkenes, where halogens are on adjacent carbons. For propane (C₃H₈), the four distinct dihalogen derivatives arise from different positions where two halogen atoms can substitute hydrogen atoms.

Solution Steps

  1. Step 1: Identify propane structure: CH₃-CH₂-CH₃

  2. Step 2: Determine positions for geminal dihalides (same carbon): C-1 and C-2

  3. Step 3: Determine positions for vicinal dihalides (adjacent carbons): C-1 and C-2

  4. Step 4: Determine 1,3-positions for terminal substitution

  5. Step 5: Write structures for all four distinct derivatives

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