What happens when
n-butyl chloride is treated with alcoholic KOH,
When n-butyl chloride is treated with alcoholic KOH, elimination reaction occurs and but-1-ene is formed.
bromobenzene is treated with Mg in the presence of dry ether,
When bromobenzene is treated with Mg in the presence of dry ether, Grignard reagent (phenylmagnesium bromide, C₆H₅MgBr) is formed.
chlorobenzene is subjected to hydrolysis,
Chlorobenzene is resistant to hydrolysis under normal conditions. The inductive effect is stronger than resonance, causing net deactivation. Under harsh conditions (high temperature and pressure), it converts to phenol.
ethyl chloride is treated with aqueous KOH,
When ethyl chloride is treated with aqueous KOH, nucleophilic substitution occurs. The nucleophile OH⁻ attacks the carbon, and through a transition state where carbon is simultaneously bonded to incoming nucleophile and outgoing leaving group, ethanol is formed with inversion of configuration.
methyl bromide is treated with sodium in the presence of dry ether,
When methyl bromide is treated with sodium in the presence of dry ether, Wurtz reaction occurs and ethane (C₂H₆) is formed.
methyl chloride is treated with KCN?
When methyl chloride is treated with KCN, nucleophilic substitution occurs. The CN⁻ nucleophile substitutes the chloride to form methyl cyanide (acetonitrile, CH₃CN).
Explanation
This question tests various reactions of alkyl/aryl halides. The context supports understanding of nucleophilic substitution mechanism with transition state formation and inversion of configuration. For chlorobenzene (iii), the context explains that the inductive effect is stronger than resonance, causing net deactivation and making it resistant to hydrolysis. The context also describes how in transition state, carbon is simultaneously bonded to five atoms - incoming nucleophile and outgoing leaving group.