How are the following conversions carried out? (i) Propene → Propan-2-ol. (ii) Benzyl chloride → Benzyl alcohol. (iii) Ethyl magnesium chloride → Propan-1-ol. (iv) Methyl magnesium bromide → 2-Methylpropan-2-ol.
Propene undergoes hydration in the presence of dilute sulphuric acid to yield Propan-2-ol. The reaction follows Markownikoff's rule where the -OH group attaches to the more substituted carbon atom.
Benzyl chloride undergoes hydrolysis with aqueous NaOH to form Benzyl alcohol. The reaction proceeds via nucleophilic substitution mechanism.
Ethyl magnesium chloride (a Grignard reagent) reacts with methanal (HCHO) followed by hydrolysis to yield Propan-1-ol. The reaction produces a primary alcohol with methanal.
Methyl magnesium bromide reacts with propanone (acetone) followed by hydrolysis to yield 2-Methylpropan-2-ol. The reaction produces a tertiary alcohol with ketones.
Explanation
The conversions involve different reaction mechanisms: (i) electrophilic addition following Markownikoff's rule, (ii) nucleophilic substitution, and (iii-iv) Grignard reactions. The context clearly establishes that Grignard reagents with methanal give primary alcohols, with other aldehydes give secondary alcohols, and with ketones give tertiary alcohols.