What are the three central criteria for grant of Patents of any scientific inventions?
The three central criteria for grant of patents of any scientific inventions are novelty, non-obviousness (inventive step), and utility.
Novelty means that the invention must be new and not previously known or disclosed to the public. The invention should not form part of the existing knowledge or prior art in the field.
Non-obviousness or inventive step implies that the invention should not be obvious to a person skilled in the relevant field of technology. It must involve a creative or innovative step that goes beyond routine knowledge.
Utility indicates that the invention must have practical application and be capable of industrial use. It should serve a useful purpose and not be merely theoretical in nature.
Explanation
The textbook explicitly states that 'The basic criteria for a patent to be granted are novelty, non-obviousness (inventive step) and utility.' These three criteria form the foundation of patent law and are essential requirements that every scientific invention must satisfy before a patent can be granted.