Question 1 of 6intermediate💡 UnderstandShort Answer3 marks

Differentiate between primary and secondary metabolites based on their functions with example.

Correct Answer

Primary metabolites are compounds produced directly from primary metabolic pathways and are essential for growth and development of living organisms. They are associated with essential cellular functions.

In contrast, secondary metabolites are intermediates or indirect products elaborated by secondary metabolic pathways. They perform diverse functions such as defence against pathogens and herbivores, improving tolerance to abiotic stresses, and acting as attractants for fertilisation and seed dispersal. Examples of their applications include pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, drugs, and food additives.

Exercise: EXERCISES | Q: 1 | (Page 21)
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Explanation

The answer differentiates the two based on the provided context. Primary metabolites are linked to 'essential cellular functions' specifically 'growth and development'. Secondary metabolites are linked to 'diverse functions' like defence, stress tolerance, and attraction. The context explicitly lists 'pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, drugs, food additives' as applications/examples of secondary metabolites.

Solution Steps

  1. Step 1: Identify the function of primary metabolites from the text (growth and development).

  2. Step 2: Identify the functions of secondary metabolites from the text (defence, stress tolerance, attractants).

  3. Step 3: Extract examples/applications for secondary metabolites from the text (pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, etc.).

  4. Step 4: Synthesize the points into a comparative answer format.

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