Question 25 of 47advanced⚖️ EvaluateLong Answer5 marks

The current ratio provides a better measure of overall liquidity only when a firm’s inventory cannot easily be converted into cash. If inventory is liquid, the quick ratio is a preferred measure of overall liquidity. Explain.

Correct Answer

Current Ratio is the proportion of current assets to current liabilities, expressed as Current Ratio = Current Assets / Current Liabilities. Current assets include inventories, trade receivables, cash and cash equivalents, and other current assets such as prepaid expenses and advance tax.

Quick Ratio (or Liquid Ratio) is the ratio of quick assets to current liabilities, expressed as Quick Ratio = Quick Assets / Current Liabilities. Quick assets are defined as those assets which are quickly convertible into cash. While calculating quick assets, we exclude inventories and other current assets such as prepaid expenses and advance tax from current assets.

The quick ratio is considered better than current ratio as a measure of liquidity position of the business because of the exclusion of non-liquid current assets. It is calculated to serve as a supplementary check on liquidity position and is therefore also known as 'Acid-Test Ratio'.

When inventory cannot easily be converted into cash, the current ratio would overstate liquidity by including this non-liquid asset. In such cases, the quick ratio is a better measure as it excludes non-liquid inventory. Conversely, when inventory is liquid, the current ratio provides a reasonable measure since inventory can be readily converted to cash.

Thus, the relationship stated in the question appears reversed. The quick ratio is preferred when inventory is non-liquid, while the current ratio may be acceptable when inventory is liquid.

Exercise: Questions for Practice | Q: 4 | (Page 41)
For More Understanding

Explanation

The question tests understanding of when current ratio versus quick ratio is appropriate. The textbook context states that quick ratio is considered better than current ratio because it excludes non-liquid current assets (inventories, prepaid expenses). The statement in the question reverses the actual relationship: when inventory is non-liquid, quick ratio is better (not current ratio); when inventory is liquid, current ratio is acceptable (not quick ratio). Students must understand that quick ratio provides a more conservative liquidity measure by excluding potentially non-liquid assets.