Read the following situations. Which Fundamental Right is being used or violated in each case and how?
Overweight male cabin crew are allowed to get promotion in the national airlines but their women colleagues who gain weight are penalised.
Right to Equality is violated. The Constitution prohibits discrimination on grounds of sex. Male and female cabin crew are treated differently for the same condition (weight gain), which amounts to discrimination. This violates equality of opportunity in public employment.
A director makes a documentary film that criticises the policies of the government.
Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression is being used. Citizens have the right to express their views, including criticism of government policies, through films and documentaries. This is an exercise of this Fundamental Right.
People displaced by a big dam take out a rally demanding rehabilitation.
Right to Freedom is being used. This includes the freedom to assemble peacefully and form associations. People have the right to take out peaceful rallies to demand their rights, including rehabilitation for displacement caused by development projects.
Andhra society runs Telugu medium schools outside Andhra Pradesh.
Cultural and Educational Rights are being used. Minorities have the right to establish and administer educational institutions to preserve their language and culture. Running Telugu medium schools outside Andhra Pradesh is an exercise of this right.
Explanation
This question tests students' understanding of different Fundamental Rights and their practical application. Each situation corresponds to a specific Fundamental Right: (a) Right to Equality prohibits discrimination on grounds of sex; (b) Freedom of Speech and Expression allows criticism of government; (c) Freedom to assemble peacefully enables citizens to protest; (d) Cultural and Educational Rights protect minorities' right to preserve their language through educational institutions.