Should some States be governed by special provisions? Does this create resentment among other States? Does this help in forging greater unity among the regions of the country?
Yes, some States should be governed by special provisions given their peculiar social and historical circumstances. The Constitution provides differential treatment to many States, particularly the north eastern States like Assam, Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh, and Mizoram due to their sizeable indigenous tribal population with a distinct history and culture.
Special provisions also exist for hilly States like Himachal Pradesh and other States including Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Sikkim, and Telangana. Jammu and Kashmir also had a special status under Article 370 as it was one of the large princely States with the option of joining India or Pakistan or remaining independent.
However, these provisions have not been able to stem alienation and insurgency in parts of the region. This indicates that while special provisions are necessary to address unique regional needs, they alone cannot resolve all regional concerns.
The national movement created both pan-Indian national unity and distinct unity around common language, region, and culture. States were created on the basis of common cultural and linguistic identity, showing that recognizing regional distinctiveness can coexist with national unity.
In conclusion, special provisions are essential for addressing unique regional needs, but their implementation must be carefully balanced to ensure they help in forging greater unity rather than creating resentment or divisions.
Explanation
The textbook explains that special provisions are constitutionally justified due to peculiar social and historical circumstances of certain States. The context mentions that these provisions have not been able to stem alienation and insurgency in parts of the north eastern region, suggesting limitations. The national movement's approach of creating States on the basis of common cultural and linguistic identity shows that recognizing regional distinctiveness can coexist with national unity. The answer addresses all three parts of the question using only the provided context.