Give two examples each to support the following conclusions about the Indian Constitution:
The Constitution was made by credible leaders who commanded peoples' respect.
The Constitution was made by credible leaders who commanded peoples' respect. Two examples to support this are:
First, the makers of the Indian Constitution showed great wisdom in striking the right balance between preserving core values and adapting them to new circumstances, which demonstrates their credibility and foresight.
Second, the Constitution was designed as 'a living document' that would be respected by people, reflecting the authority and respect that the makers commanded among the citizens.
The Constitution has distributed power in such a way as to make it difficult to subvert it.
The Constitution has distributed power in such a way as to make it difficult to subvert it. Two examples to support this are:
First, the Constitution strikes a balance between the possibility to change provisions and the limits on such changes, ensuring that no single group can easily alter it.
Second, this arrangement ensures that no section or group can, on its own, subvert the Constitution, as power is distributed in a manner that prevents concentration in any single entity.
The Constitution is the locus of people's hopes and aspirations.
The Constitution is the locus of people's hopes and aspirations. Two examples to support this are:
First, the Constitution includes provisions that the government must try to reduce inequalities in income and wealth, reflecting people's aspirations for social and economic justice.
Second, Indian citizenship is not limited to people of any race, caste or religion, embodying the hope for an inclusive and equal society free from discrimination.
Explanation
The textbook context highlights three key factors that make a constitution effective and respectable. For part (a), the context emphasizes the 'wisdom of makers' and describes the Constitution as 'a living document' respected by people. For part (b), the context explicitly states that the arrangement of balancing change with limits ensures 'no section or group can, on its own, subvert the Constitution.' For part (c), the table of provisions in the context lists specific examples like reducing inequalities and inclusive citizenship that represent people's hopes and aspirations.