Question 42 of 47advanced🔍 AnalyzeLong Answer5 marks

Show that if A⊂BA \subset B, then C−B⊂C−AC - B \subset C - A.

Correct Answer

Given: A⊂BA \subset B

To prove: C−B⊂C−AC - B \subset C - A

Proof:

Let xx be an arbitrary element of C−BC - B.

By definition of difference of sets, x∈C−Bx \in C - B means that x∈Cx \in C and x∉Bx \notin B.

Since A⊂BA \subset B (given), every element of AA is also an element of BB. This means if any element belongs to AA, it must also belong to BB.

Now, since x∉Bx \notin B, and A⊂BA \subset B, the element xx cannot belong to AA. If xx were in AA, then by the subset relation A⊂BA \subset B, xx would have to be in BB, which contradicts our condition that x∉Bx \notin B.

Therefore, x∉Ax \notin A.

So we have established that x∈Cx \in C and x∉Ax \notin A. By definition of set difference, this means x∈C−Ax \in C - A.

Since xx was an arbitrary element chosen from C−BC - B, and we have shown that x∈C−Ax \in C - A, we conclude that every element of C−BC - B is also an element of C−AC - A.

Therefore, C−B⊂C−AC - B \subset C - A.

Hence proved.

Exercise: Miscellaneous Exercise on Chapter 1 | Q: 5 | (Page 21)
For More Understanding

Explanation

This question tests understanding of subset relation and set difference operation. The proof uses the definition that A⊂BA \subset B means every element of AA is in BB.

The key insight is that if an element is NOT in BB, it cannot be in AA (since all elements of AA are in BB). The textbook defines A−BA - B as elements belonging to AA but not to BB, which is essential for this proof.

Solution Steps

  1. Step 1: Let xx be an arbitrary element of C−BC - B

  2. Step 2: By definition, x∈Cx \in C and x∉Bx \notin B

  3. Step 3: Since A⊂BA \subset B, if x∉Bx \notin B then x∉Ax \notin A

  4. Step 4: Therefore x∈Cx \in C and x∉Ax \notin A, so x∈C−Ax \in C - A

  5. Step 5: Conclude C−B⊂C−AC - B \subset C - A