What are the factors that control temperature distribution on the surface of the earth?
The temperature of air at any place is influenced by several factors. First, the latitude of the place determines the insolation received, as insolation varies according to latitude. Second, the altitude of the place affects temperature distribution. Third, distance from the sea plays a role in controlling temperature. Fourth, air-mass circulation influences temperature, as places under warm air-masses experience higher temperature while those under cold air-masses experience lower temperature. Fifth, the presence of warm and cold ocean currents affects coastal temperatures, with warm currents leading to higher temperatures and cold currents leading to lower temperatures. Finally, local aspects also influence the temperature of a place.
Explanation
The textbook clearly lists six factors controlling temperature distribution: latitude, altitude, distance from the sea, air-mass circulation, ocean currents, and local aspects. The answer follows the NCERT content precisely, explaining each factor briefly as mentioned in the context.