What is the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone?
The Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is a low pressure zone located at the equator where trade winds converge. It is a zone where air tends to ascend.
In July, the ITCZ shifts northward and is located around 20°N-25°N latitudes over the Gangetic plain, where it is sometimes called the monsoon trough. This shift causes the trade winds of the southern hemisphere to cross the equator and get deflected, becoming the southwest monsoon. In winter, the ITCZ moves southward, causing a reversal of winds known as the northeast monsoons.
Explanation
The answer covers the definition, location, and seasonal movement of the ITCZ as described in the textbook. Key terms like 'low pressure zone', 'trade winds converge', 'ascend', and 'monsoon trough' are highlighted. The answer explains both the summer (northward shift) and winter (southward shift) positions of the ITCZ and its role in the Indian monsoon system.