Biodiversity can be discussed at three levels: Genetic diversity, Species diversity, and Ecosystem diversity.

Genetic diversity refers to the variation of genes within species. For example, human beings differ in height, colour, and appearance due to this variation, which is essential for a healthy breeding population. Species diversity relates to the variety of species and the number of species in a defined area, measured through richness, abundance, and types.

Ecosystem diversity constitutes the broad differences between ecosystem types and the diversity of habitats and ecological processes. It relates to the variability within and between ecosystems, although the boundaries of communities and ecosystems are not rigidly defined.