Organic farming offers several benefits. It substitutes costlier agricultural inputs like HYV seeds, chemical fertilisers, and pesticides with locally produced organic inputs that are cheaper, thereby generating good returns on investment. It generates income through exports as demand for organically grown crops is rising. Organically grown food has more nutritional value and is pesticide-free, produced in an environmentally sustainable way. Since organic farming requires more labour input, it is an attractive proposition for India.

However, organic farming has certain limitations. Yields from organic farming are less than modern agricultural farming in the initial years. Small and marginal farmers may find it difficult to adapt to large-scale production. Organic produce may have more blemishes and a shorter shelf life than sprayed produce. Moreover, choice in production of off-season crops is quite limited. Other concerns include inadequate infrastructure and the problem of marketing the products.