India is endowed with abundant natural resources, evidenced by its rich quality of soil, hundreds of rivers and tributaries, lush green forests, and plenty of mineral deposits. The country also possesses a vast stretch of the Indian Ocean and various ranges of mountains.

Specific examples include the black soil of the Deccan Plateau, which is suitable for cotton cultivation, and the Indo-Gangetic plains, which are among the most fertile and intensively cultivated regions in the world. Furthermore, India has large deposits of iron-ore, coal, and natural gas, accounting for nearly 8 per cent of the world's total iron-ore reserves. Other resources like bauxite, copper, gold, and uranium are found in different parts of the country.