Differentiate between following with the help of an example:
Argument and Parameter
Parameters are variables defined in the function header that receive values when the function is called. Arguments are the actual values passed to the function during the function call. For example, in a function defined as def calculate(area):, 'area' is the parameter. When we call the function as calculate(500), the value 500 is the argument.
Global and Local variable
Global variables are defined outside all functions and can be accessed throughout the program. Local variables are defined inside a function and can only be accessed within that function. For example, if a variable is declared outside any function, it is global. If a variable is declared inside a user-defined function, it is local to that function and cannot be used outside it.
Explanation
The textbook context mentions parameters in the context of function definition ('accepts the shopping amount as a parameter') and function calls ('passing the required parameters'). While the context discusses functions and their advantages including reusability and modularity, it does not provide explicit definitions for arguments vs parameters or global vs local variables. The answer is constructed based on the contextual references to parameters in function definitions and calls.