Question 5 of 17intermediate🔧 ApplyNumerical4 marks

Express the following octal numbers into their equivalent decimal numbers.

(i)

145

Answer

(i) 145

Given octal number: (145)8(145)_8

To convert to decimal, we multiply each digit by the positional value (8n8^n) where nn is the position number starting from 0 on the right.

Calculation:

1×82+4×81+5×801 \times 8^2 + 4 \times 8^1 + 5 \times 8^0 =1×64+4×8+5×1= 1 \times 64 + 4 \times 8 + 5 \times 1 =64+32+5= 64 + 32 + 5 =101= 101

Therefore, (145)8=(101)10(145)_8 = (101)_{10}.

(ii)

6760

Answer

(ii) 6760

Given octal number: (6760)8(6760)_8

Calculation:

6×83+7×82+6×81+0×806 \times 8^3 + 7 \times 8^2 + 6 \times 8^1 + 0 \times 8^0 =6×512+7×64+6×8+0×1= 6 \times 512 + 7 \times 64 + 6 \times 8 + 0 \times 1 =3072+448+48+0= 3072 + 448 + 48 + 0 =3568= 3568

Therefore, (6760)8=(3568)10(6760)_8 = (3568)_{10}.

(iii)

455

Answer

(iii) 455

Given octal number: (455)8(455)_8

Calculation:

4×82+5×81+5×804 \times 8^2 + 5 \times 8^1 + 5 \times 8^0 =4×64+5×8+5×1= 4 \times 64 + 5 \times 8 + 5 \times 1 =256+40+5= 256 + 40 + 5 =301= 301

Therefore, (455)8=(301)10(455)_8 = (301)_{10}.

(iv)

10.75

Answer

(iv) 10.75

Given octal number: (10.75)8(10.75)_8

This number contains both integer and fractional parts.

Integer Part (10):

1×81+0×801 \times 8^1 + 0 \times 8^0 =8+0=8= 8 + 0 = 8

Fractional Part (.75):

7×8−1+5×8−27 \times 8^{-1} + 5 \times 8^{-2} =7/8+5/64= 7/8 + 5/64 =56/64+5/64= 56/64 + 5/64 =61/64= 61/64 =0.953125= 0.953125

Total:

8+0.953125=8.9531258 + 0.953125 = 8.953125

Therefore, (10.75)8=(8.953125)10(10.75)_8 = (8.953125)_{10}.

Explanation

The conversion from octal to decimal involves multiplying each digit by the base 8 raised to the power of its position number. For integers, the position numbers start from 0 on the right and increase by 1 as we move left (as shown in Example 2.7). For fractional numbers, the integer part is calculated similarly, while the fractional part uses negative position numbers starting from -1 on the right of the decimal point (as shown in Example 2.18). The final decimal number is the sum of these products.