(i) Calculate the total number of electrons present in one mole of methane. (ii) Find (a) the total number and (b) the total mass of neutrons in 7 mg of 14C. (Assume that mass of a neutron = ⁻²⁷ kg). (iii) Find (a) the total number and (b) the total mass of protons in 34 mg of NH₃ at STP. Will the answer change if the temperature and pressure are changed?
Total number of electrons in one mole of methane is .
(a) Total number of neutrons is . (b) Total mass of neutrons is kg.
(a) Total number of protons is . (b) Total mass of protons is kg. The answer will not change if the temperature and pressure are changed.
Explanation
To solve this numerical, we determine the number of electrons, neutrons, and protons per molecule first. For methane (), carbon has 6 electrons and each hydrogen has 1, giving 10 electrons per molecule. Multiplying by Avogadro's number gives the total electrons in one mole. For , the number of neutrons is . We calculate the moles of in 7 mg, find the number of atoms, and then the total neutrons and their mass. Similarly, for , nitrogen has 7 protons and each hydrogen has 1, giving 10 protons per molecule. We find the moles of in 34 mg to get the total number of molecules, protons, and their mass. Since the mass of the sample is fixed, changing temperature and pressure will not alter the number of protons.