Historians argue that print culture created the basis for the French Revolution through three main arguments.

First, print popularised the ideas of Enlightenment thinkers. The writings of thinkers like Voltaire and Rousseau provided a critical commentary on tradition, superstition and despotism. They argued for the rule of reason rather than custom and demanded that everything be judged through the application of reason and rationality. By attacking the sacred authority of the Church and the despotic power of the state, these writings eroded the legitimacy of a social order based on tradition. Readers began to see the world through new eyes that were questioning, critical and rational.

Second, print created a new culture of dialogue and debate. All values, norms and institutions were re-evaluated and discussed by a public that had become aware of the power of reason. This public recognised the need to question existing ideas and beliefs. Within this culture of public discussion, new ideas of social revolution came into being.

Third, by the 1780s, there was an outpouring of literature that mocked the royalty and criticised their morality. Cartoons and caricatures suggested that the monarchy remained absorbed only in sensual pleasures while the common people suffered immense hardships. This literature circulated underground and led to the growth of hostile sentiments against the monarchy.

Many believed that books could change the world and liberate society from despotism. Louise-Sebastien Mercier declared that the printing press was the most powerful engine of progress.