Draw the electron dot structures for
ethanoic acid.
Ethanoic acid (CH₃COOH): The electron dot structure shows the methyl carbon (CH₃) bonded to the carboxyl carbon. The carboxyl carbon forms a double bond with one oxygen and a single bond with the hydroxyl oxygen (bonded to H). All atoms achieve noble gas configuration.
H₂S.
H₂S: Similar to water molecule, sulfur shares two electrons with hydrogen atoms, forming single bonds. Two lone pairs remain on sulfur, satisfying its octet.
propanone.
Propanone (CH₃COCH₃): The central carbon forms a double bond with oxygen and single bonds with two methyl groups. Each methyl carbon forms single bonds with three H atoms.
F₂.
F₂: Similar to Cl₂, each fluorine atom shares one electron with another fluorine, forming a single bond. Each F has three lone pairs, achieving noble gas configuration.
Explanation
The textbook context explains that electron dot structures depict only valence shell electrons. The methodology shown for Cl₂ (diatomic molecule), N₂ (triple bond), and carbon compounds with single/double bonds guides drawing these structures. Atoms share electrons to achieve noble gas configuration through single, double, or triple bonds.